CO 2 plays an important role in acid–base buffering. ![]() Cells take in oxygen and glucose and release water, carbon dioxide, and energy. The science behind the techniqueĬO 2 is a byproduct of cellular metabolism. Keep in mind that ETco 2 findings are interpreted within the context of physical and other traditional assessment methods. Although ETco 2 is used in non-intubated patients, here we focus on its use in patients with endotracheal intubation. This article explains these concepts, discusses ETco 2 waveforms, and describes the assessment capabilities of this monitoring method. To fully optimize its use, clinicians must understand certain basic principles. Although the principles underlying ETco 2 monitoring have been known for many years, recent technological advances have made the technique feasible for routine clinical application. ![]() Wherever ETco 2 monitoring is used, it can enhance patient safety-as long as bedside clinicians understand the interplay among ventilation, perfusion, and CO 2 production.
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